Everything about Efferent Nerve totally explained
In the
nervous system,
efferent nerves – otherwise known as
motor or effector
neurons – carry
nerve impulses away from the
central nervous system to effectors such as
muscles or
glands (and also the ciliated cells of the inner ear). The term can also be used to describe relative connections between nervous structures (for example, a neuron's efferent synapse provides input to another neuron, and not vice-versa). The opposite activity of direction or flow is
afferent.
The
motor nerves are efferent nerves involved in muscular control. The
cell body of the efferent neuron is found in the central nervous system where it's connected to a single, long
axon and several short
dendrites projecting out of the cell body itself. This axon then forms a
neuromuscular junction with the effectors. The cell body of the motor neuron is
satellite-shaped. The motor neuron is present in the
grey matter of the
spinal cord and
medulla oblongata, and forms an electrochemical pathway to the effector organ or muscle.
Etymology and Mnemonics
Both
afferent and
efferent come from
French, evolved from
Latin (the basis of many terms in medicine and biology) for the terms, respectively,
ad ferens (latin verb
ferre: carry), meaning
carrying into, and
ex ferens, meaning
carrying away.
Ad and
ex give an easy
mnemonic device for remembering the relationship between
afferent and
efferent:
afferent connection
arrives and an
efferent connection
exits.
Further Information
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